Atomu enzigumivu n'ezitali nzigumivu(Stable and unstable atoms)

1. REDIRECT Template:Charles Muwanga

Atomu enzigumivu n’ezitali nzigumivi

             (Stable and unstable atoms)

Waliwo empalirizo (Forces) munda mu atomu ezifuga enneeyisa ya konta, nampa, n’obusannyalaza. Awatali mpalirizo zino, atomu eba tesobola kubeerawo nga yekwasaganye wamu. Jjukira, konta zirina kyagi eya pozitiivu, obusannyalazo kyagi eya negatiivu, ate nampa tebulina kyaagi(bwa kibogwe oba nampawengwa.

Okusinziira ku mateeka ga essomabuzimbe/ essomabutonde (physics) , kyagi ezifaanagana zesindikiriza(repel) ate ezitafaanagana zisikang’ana (attract).

Kati ki ekisobozesa konta okusigala awamu mu atomu?

Waliwo empalirizo(force) eyiyitibwa “empalirizo ennene” ( strong force ) ekkakkanya( overcomes) emparirizo ey'ensindiikirizo( the force of repulsion) wakati wa konta , era kino ne kikuumira obuziizi(nucleus) awamu.

Amasoboza ag’ekuusiza ku “emparirizo ennene” gayitibwa amasoboza ag'enkwaso(binding energy). Obusannyalazo bukuumibwa mu kwetoloola nga bwebulungula obuziizi lwa kuba waliwo ensikirizo(attraction) wakati wa kyagi eya pozitiivu eya konta ne kyagi eya negatiivu ey’obusannyalaza ebireetebwawo ekyebulungulo ky’omugendo gw’amasanyalaze ne magineeti ( an electromagnetic field) .

Obuziizi bwa atomu eviibwako obutoffaali bwayo obutinniinya ?

Mu atomu ezimu , amasoboza ag’enkwaso(binding energy) mangi ekimala okukuumira obuziizi awamu .Obuziizi bw'akaziba( the neucleus of the atom) nga buno bugambibwa okuba obuggumivu (stable). Kyokka mu atomu endala amasoboza ag’enkwaso si mangi kimala (not strong enough) kukuumira buziizi wamu era obuziizi bwa atomu nga zino bugambibwa okuba nga “si buggumivu”(unstable). Atomu ezitali nzigumivu(unstable atoms) ziba ziviibwaako nampa ne konta mu kugezaako okusigala nga ziggumidde.

Weetegereze:

• Ebyebulungulo by’emigendo gy’amasannyalaze ne magineeti(Electromagnetic fields ) bireetela kyagi ezifaanagana okwesambaggana oba okwesindiikiriza ate ezitafaanagana ne zikwatagana/ne zisikangana( attract each other).

• Konta zisigala wamu mu buziizi olw’empalirizo ennene (strong force) ekkakkanya ensindiikrizo ( repulsion) ereetebwawo ekyebulungulo ky’omugendo gw’amasanyalaze ne magineeti) .

• Amasoboza eg’enkwaaso(binding energy) ge maanyikasoboza agava mu maanyi engw’anguli ela amaanyi gano ge gakuumila awamu obuziizi.

• Atomu enzigumivu( stable atom) eba atomu erina amasoboza ag’enkwaaso(binding energy) agamala okusobola okukuumila wamu obuziizi ebbanga lyonna.

• Atomu etali nzigumivu( unstable atom) teba na maanyi ga nkwaaso gamala kusobola kukuumira wamu buziizi ebbanga lyonna era atomu eno eyitibwa "atomu emmumbulukufu"(radioactive atom ).

• Atomu ke katoffaali akasirikitu akasigala nga kafaanagana n'obutoffali obulala .

• Ebipooli bikolebwa nga atomu za ndagakintu ez’enjawulo ezigattiddwa okuva mu buziba bw'ekintu (chemically).