Ebirwaza(Diseases)
IALI NGO was authorized by terminologist Muwanga Charles to post this article from his Luganda scientific works on Luganda Wikipedia for free public consumption.
Ekirwaza (Disease)
Ekirwaza era oyinza okukiyita :
(i) Ekirwadde
(ii) Endwadde
(iii)Obulwadde.
Kyokka ate era kirabika "ekirwaza"(Disease) oba ebirwaza diseases eba mbeera ,okusingira ddala nga buno bulamu oba buwuka obusirikitu, ereeta ekiyitibwa endwadde, ebirwadde oba obulwadde( disease) mu mubiri gw'ekiramu .
Obulwadde ebeera mbeera eyetaaga obujanjabi(medical condition) eyeyolekera mubuyoleko(symptoms) n’obubonero(signs). Ekirwadde kiyinza okuva ku mbeera ez’ebweeru nga diziizi ezikwata oba obuvune bwo munda mu mubiri Mu bantu , diziizi kikwata ku mbeera yonna ereeta obulumi , obutakola, okunyigirizibwa, ebizibu by’entabaganyi , okufa kw’omulwadde. Olumu kiyinza okutwaliramu obuuvune ku mubiri, ebiwundu , obulemu, enneeyisa etali ya buntu . Endwadde zikwata abantu si mumubiri gwokka naye ne mumbeerza ez’obuntu(emotions) naddala nga endwadde bwe ziyitirira ku muntu kimujja mu mbeera ez’obuntu.
Waliwo endwadde ezisiigwa n’ezitasiigwa(communicable and non-communicable disease.), kyokka diziizi kitkwata ku ndwadde zikwaata(infectious diseases) ezireetebwa vayiraasi, bakitiriya fungi , piratozoa n’obuwuka obulala obusirikitu.
(j) Obulwadde
Obulwadde oba ebirwadde (Illness and sickness) bikozesebwa kutegeeza disease.
(k) Embeera ezikyankalanya obulamu
(Disorders)
Mu bujanjabi, embeera enkyankalamu , kuba kukyankalana mu ngeri omubiri oba ekitundu ky’omubiri gye kikolamu. Embeerankenyankalamu ezeetaaga obujanjabi(Medical disorders) muyinza okubaamu okukyankalana kw’obwongo(mental disorders), okukyankalana kw’omubiri( physical disorders),okukyankalana okw’obuzaale( genetic disorders),okukyankalana okw’embeera z’obuntu n’enneeyisa(( emotional and behavioral disorders) n’endala . . (l) Embeera eyetaaga obujanjabi
(Medical condition)
Embeera eytaaga obujanjabi(A medical condition ) taminologia ngazi etwaliramu ne diziizi , endwadde zonna awamu n’obuvune nga ebiwundu ng’ojjeeko obulwadde bw’obwongo( mental illnesses).
(m) Obukosefu
(Morbidity)
Obukosefu(Morbidity) era kitegeeza kuba mulwadde , obulemu oba embeera eyetaaga obujanjabi yonna.
Ebirwadde bisatu , akafuba(tuberculosis) , Maleeria , ne AIDS ze ndwadde ezisinga okutta abantu mu nsi yonna nga ku bantu abafa buli mwaka , zino essatu zittako kimu kya kubiri. Endala mulimu zino wansi :
(i)Mongoota
(African Trypanosomiasis /“sleeping sickness”):
Mongoota atambuzibwa bivu(tsetse flies) ebisangibwa ennyo mu mawanga ga Afirika. Obubonero bwa mongoota mulimu ;
(a)olusujjasujja okulumibwa omutwe ,
(b)obulumi mu nnyingo(joint pains), n’
(c)okusiiyibwa nga bwakatandika awamu n’okujja omuntu mu mbeera obuteebaka bulungi, okutaataganya obusimu bw’omubiri omubiri ne guba nga tegukyakwataganya mirimu gyagwo bulungi era singa aba tajjanjabiddwa mu mutendera ogw’okubiri omuntu afa.
(ii)Kkolera
(Cholera) .
Kkolera kirwadde ekibuna okuyita mu mazzi agalimu obuwuka awamu n’embeera ez’obujama okutwalira awamu. Kkolera alumba ebyenda ebiba birumbiddwa bbakitiria eyitibwa Vibrio cholerae.
Kkolera yeragira okusinga mu kiddukano( diarrhea) olumu n’okusesema awamu n’okwesika mu magulu(leg cramp) . Bw’aba tafunye bujjanjabi mangu aviirako okufa olw’okuggwamu amazzi mu mubiri(dehydration).
(iii)Kepatayiti A (Hepatitis A):
Kepataiti A(Hepatitis A) kirwadde kya kibumba ekikwata amangu ekireetebwa vayiraasi. Kitambuzibwa okusinga okuyita mu bubi bw’omuntu okunywa amazzi oba okulya emmere erimu akawuka.
Kepataiti A yeyolekera mu lusujjasujja obukoowu,Symptoms include fever, fatigue, jaundice, n’omusulo omuzikivu(dark urine).Ekisinga okwekugira ekirwadde kino kugema ( vaccination) naye bw’ofuna obubonero obwo dduka za mbiro okugenda ew’omusawo..
(iv)Kepatayiti B.(Hepatitis B).
Kepatayiti B(Hepatitis B) eva ku “vayiraasi B” (HBV). Ereeta obuvune ku kibumba era eyolekera mu bubonero nga kammunguluze(jaundice), obukoowu obw’amaanyi ookusesema, okufeesefeesa(nausea,) n’obulumi mu lubuto). Kepetayiti B y’asingayo okuba ow’omutawaana era aviirako ne kookolo oluvannyuma.
(v)Kepetayiti C
(Hepatitis C).
Kepetayiti C (Hepatitis C) ya mutawana nga B ne A eva ku vayiraasi C : (HCV);.
(vi) Mukenenya
(HIV/AIDS).
. Mukenenya oba HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus /Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) kirwadde ekyasibuka mu afirika eya wansi w’eddungu sakala . Mukenenya kyakola kwe :
(a) (a) kusaanyawwo obusobozi bw’omubiri okulwanyisa endwadde.
(a) Obubonero bwa mukenenya mulimu okukolola entakira, olusujjasujja olutakoma, obuzibu mu kussa , olususu okulumbibwa epipaapi awamu n’okukosebwa ku bwongo. Kimu kya kubiri kubantu abakwatiddwa HIV bafuna AIDS wakati w’emyaka 4-10.
(c) Okubunyisibwa kiva ku kuwanyisaganya mazzi ga mubiri mu kwegadanga kw’omusajja n’omukazi , okukyuusa omusaayi ogulimu HIV/AIDS okuva mu muntu omu okuguteeka mu mulala , okuva mu maama okudda ku mwaana gw’azadde nga omwaana ono ya kazaalibwa , ebikzesebwa mu mubiri nga empiso , ebikwaanso, ejjirira, obusenya.
Mukenenya alimu ebika bya HIV bibiri, HIV-l ne HIV-2. HIV-l y’’asinga okukwaata abantu mu Ensi yonna. . HIV-2 asinga kusangibwa mu Afirika eya bukiikakkono eya bugwanjuba(west Africa) naye ne mu Afirika eya Buvanjuba( East Africa), Bulaaya, Azia, ne Amerika Endattini(Latin America) esangiddwamu. HIV-l ne HIV-2 zibunyisibwa mu ngeri y’emu.
Eddagala eriwonya mukenenya terinnaba kuzuulibwa kyokka okuva mu 1996 abakugu bakolawo eddaagala erivubirizako eriyitibwa “antiretroviral drugs”.
(vii)Ssennyiga
(Influenza)
Sennyiga(Influenza) naye ndwadde ya vayiraasi era mu Busipaani (Spanish) sennyiga yatta abantu abasukka mu mitwaalo ataano naye kati takyaali wa mutawaana nnyo yadde nga ekyaali ndwadde ya mutawaana.
Vayiraasi ya senyiga. Erumba omuyitiro gw’okussa(respiratory tract) n’ereeta obubonero nga olusujjasujja, omutwe okukolola okukwaata ebikolondolwa mu mumiro( sore throat), okuvumbeera mu nnyindo(nasal congestion) , n’okulumwa mu mubiri.
(viii)Maleeriya
(Malaria)
Omusujja gwa maleeriya guleetebwa ensiri eyitibwa “anapholes mosquito” , era omusujja guno gutta abantu abali wakati w’akakadde akamu n’obusatu buli mwaka ate nga gukwaata obukadde bikumi bitaano buli mwaka naddala mu afirika eya wansi wa sakala(subsahalan Africa).Gusinga kwekaliisiza mu baana .
Gutandika na kweyolekera mu kukankana olwo ne gulinnyira ddala(high fever) , n’omutwe ogw’amaanyi n’ekiddirira tempulikya y’omuntu gwegukubye ku ndiri ekka n’atuyana nnyo.
(ix)Mulangira oba Olukusense
(Measles) .
Mulangira(Measles) eera omuganda abuyita lukusense: Olukusense y’endwadde ekendedde olw’okubaawo eddagala erigema(vaccine) nayer mu nsi ezikyakula akyeriisa nkuuli.
Mulangira yeyolekera mu kuyiwa olutulututtu ku mubiri gwonna, olusujjasujja, okukolola, olumu n’ekiddukano, nemoniya. (pneumonia), n’endwadde mu matu.
(x)Mulalama
(Meningitis).
Mulalama((Meningitis) bukwata kakoggo(spinal cord) nga kalumbiddwa bakitiria oba vayiraasi. Mulalama ava ku bakitiria wakabi nnyo okusinga owa vayiraasi. Era ayinza okukola obuvune ku bwongo(:brain damage),okuleka omuntu nga kiggala, n’okunafuya obwongo bwe bw’aba tafudde. Butambuzibwa okuyita mu mmere oba amazzi agaliu obuwuka. Tayifooyidi yeragira mu musujja ogujja mbagirawo omutwe ogw’amaanyi,okufeesafeesa(nausea),obutayagalirako ddala kya kulya kyonna, okuzibuwalirwa okufulumya(constipation) olumu n’ekiddukano.
Obubonero bwa mulalama mulimu omutwe, olusujjasujja, okufeesafeesa(nausea, vomiting, n’okukaluba kw’ensingo stiff neck). Nemonia . Nemonia(Pneumonia) ava ku bintu bingi naye okusingira ddala “mycoplasma bacteria”. Bakitiria zino zibeera mu mubiri gw’omuntu okumala emyaaka nga tewali bulwadde bwe zireese kyokka zivaayo nga waliwo ekirwadde ekirala ekikosezza obusobozi bw’omubiri okulwanyisa endwadde .
(xii)Akafuba
(Tuberculosis).
Akafuba(Tuberculosis) kava ku bbakitiria .Bbakitiria za TB zisinga kusangibwa mu mawuggwe(lungs) ne zireeta okulumizibwa mu kifuba(chest pain) n’ekifuba ekibi ekireeta n’olusaayisaayi , obukoowukoowu(fatigue), okukogga obutayagala kulya , olusujjasujja , n’okutuuyana ekiro.
(xiii)Enkaka
(Yellow Fever)
Enkaka(Yellow Fever) emala ennaku 3-4 ,oluvannyuma, abalwadde abasinga ne bawona . Okusooka omuntu afuna olusujjasujja, obulumi mu mifumbi, omutwe, okukankana, obutayagala kulya, okusinduukirirwa emmeeme( nausea), n’okusesema.
Singa mu naku 3-4 omuntu aba tawonye ayinza okuyingirira a omutendera ogw’akabi omuli , jaundice; okulumwa mu lubuto, okusesema , okuva omusaayi mu kamwa, ennyindo amaaso, n’olubuto era n’ensigo (kidney)n’ekyankalana olumu n’okusirika . Ekitundu ky’abalwadde mu mutendera guno bafa ate ekitundu ne bawona.