Ekikyusabuziba (Chemical reaction)
Okusinziira ku Charles Muwanga ,ekikyusabuziba(Chemical raection), ekitegeeza ekikolwa ekikyusa obuziba, kibaawo essomabuziba(Chemistry) singa sabusitansi bbiri oba okusingawo ziba ziteekeddwa wamu, ka bibe ggaasi, enkalubo, oba kikulukusi, ne ze kyusaganya mu buziba(at atomic level) okutondekawo ekintu ekijja. Kino kye kiyitibwa “ekikyusabuziba”= ekikolwa ekikyusa obuziba(Chemical reaction).
Olumu sabusitansi ziba zetaaga nsindikanjake(kickstart) okuyita mu kugattako ebbugumu oba nakongezabwangu(catalyst).
Okimanyi nti waliwo ebigenda mu maaso munda mu kaziba(atomu) bya mirundi ebiri ? Ebigenda mu maaso mu kaziba(atomu) kiba kikolwa ekikyusa obuziba,kino kye kiyitibwa ebikyusabuziba(chemical reactions).
Weetegereze nti waliwo “okwabuluza mu buziizi” oba “ekikyusabuziizi (nuclear reactions) n'ekikyusabuziba (chemical reaction).Njawulo ki eri wakati w’ekikyusabuziba n’ekikyusabuziizi(nuclear reaction)?
Enjawulo eri mu kibeerawo ku kaziba(atomu). Ekikyusabuziba(chemical reactions) kuba mu busannyalazo bwa buziba(atomic electrons) ate ekikyusabuziizi (nuclear reaction) kyo kibeera mu buziizi bwa buziba (in atomic nucleus) mwennyini.
Eky’okubiri ekikyusabuziba okufaanana n’ekikyusabuziizi kiragibwa ne “nakyenkanyampuyi ez’enkyusabuziba” (chemical equations).
Ekikyusabuziba kiva mu bigambo by'Oluganda "ekikolwa ekikyusa obuziba" bw'ekintu oba ka tugambe ekikyusatomu ,ekitegeeza , ekiva mu bigambo by'oluganda , "ekikolwa ekikyusa atomu" z'ekintu. Obuziba bw'ekintu (atomu ,obutoffaali obuzimba ekintu) buba ku "mutendera gwa atomu"(at atomic level).
Okusobola okuwandiika nakyenkanyampuyi ey’okwabuluza mu buziizi (nuclera fission) , waliwo ebiragiro ebigobererwa. Buli ndagakintu(element) eyenyigira mu kwabuluza kuno eragibwa n’akabonero ak’enkyusabuziba(chemical symbol). Namba bbiri ziteekebwa ku kabonero kano. Namba ku ddyo owa waggulu y’eba namba era emanyiddwa nga namba ‘A’ . Namba ‘A’ ennyonnyola obuzito bw'akaziba(atomic weight ) era eraga omuwendo gwa konta(protons) ne nampa(neutrons) oguli mu buziizi(in the nucleus).
Namba eri wansi ku kkono ye namba y'akaziba(atomic number), era eyitibwa namba ‘Z’. namba 'Z' ennyonnyola namba ya konta ( protons) mu buziizi era eraga ekika ky'akaziba(type of atom).
Akabonero ka "Yulaniyaamu -238"
Kino kitegeeza nti Yulaniyaamu erina "namba y’enzitoya" ( mass number) eya 238 ne namba y’akaziba (an atomic number) eya 92.
Obubonero era bukozesebwa okukiikirira "obutoffali bwa alufa" (alpha particles) n’obwa beta (beta particles) :
• Akabonero k'akatoffali ka alufa = • Takabonero k'akatoffali ka beta = • Akabonero k’enkyusabuziba aka nampa(neutron ) =
Weetegereze :
• Ekyabuluzabuziizi (nuclear fission) oba kiyite ekikyusabuziizi( nuclear reaction) kiyinza okunnyonnyolwa akaziba (atoms) akalina okwenkanyankanyizibwa (balanced).
• Akabonero k'akaziba obaakatoffaali k'akaziba(atomic particle) kibaamu akabonero k'endagakintu(symbol of the element), namba y’enzitoya (mass number) ne namba y'akaziba( atomic number).
• Namba y’enzitoya( mass number) ennyonnyola omuwendo(namba) gwa konta n’ogwa nampa, ebeera ku ddyo waggulu w’akabonero.
• Namba y'akaziba( atomic number) ennyonnyola omuwendo(namba) gwa konta mu buziizi,ebeera ku kkono wansi w’akabonero.
Osaana okimanye nti okukontana wakati w'obuziba(atomu) obutafaanagana, ntegeeza ,atomu ezitafaanagana , obw'endagakintu(elements) ez’enjawulo, kuleetawo "ekikyusatomu" (atomic reaction) , era kino kye kikiyitibwa "ekikyusabuziba" (chemical reactions).
Ekikyusabuziba(chemical reaction} kikolwa ekibeerawo wakati wa atomu emu n’endala oba gamba akaziba akmu n'akalala,kino ne kivaamu enkyukakyuka ez’entakyuko era eziyitibwa enkyukakyuka ez’ebuziba (chemical change), si nkyukakyuka za ku ngulu (physical change). Enkyukakyuka ez’obuziba ziviira ddala mu buziba bwa atomu, ntegeeza munda mu butinniinya (obusirikitu) bw’ akaziba(atomu). Obutafaanana na nkukakyuka za ku ngulu, enkyukakyuka ez’obuziba zireetawo sabusitansi empya oba ey’enjawulo kw’eyo ebaddewo.
Ekyokulabirako, ekyuma nga kitalazze ,sabusitansi eba ezzeewo toyinza kugifuula kyuma mulundi mulala. Kyokka bw’otabula omunnyo mu mazzi oyinza okuddamu n’oyawula omunnyo mu mazzi kubanga okutabula kuno kwabadde kukyuka kwa kungulu si kwa mutendera guviira ddala mu buziba .
Okukontana okubezaawo ensengekera y’enjuba (solar system) kwefananyiliza n’okwo okukuumira atomu awamu.
Ate enkyusabuziba (Chemicals, pure sustenance) kiva mu bigambo bya Luganda "ebintu ebiri mu mbeera ekyusa obuziba"(substances that are in a condition that react when in contact with other substances)
Mu nzimba enzibuwavu , obutinniinya obusingayo obutini bwekwasawaza okukola obutoffali obuddako obutono ate obutoffali ne bwekwasawaza(bond chemically) okukola molekyo eziddako mu butono ate molekyo nezekwasawaza okukola ebipooli (compounds).
Okwekwasawaza(to bond chemically) kitegeeza kwegatta okugenda mu maaso mu buziba bwa atomu ne kiviirako enkyukakyuuka ez’obuziba(Chemical changes) mu nabuzimbe (sabusitansi) ez’enjawulo. Ekigenda mu maaso mu buziba bwa atomu emu n’endala kye njise ekikyusabuziba = ekikolwa ekikyusa obuziba (chemical reaction).
Ekikyusabuziba kigenda mu maaso mu buziba oba mu atomu emu n’endala ne kiviirako endagakintu ez’enjawulo okuva mu mbeera. “Okuva mu mbeera”, n’olwekyo kikozesebwa mu essomabirowoozo (psychology) okutegeeza “becoming emotional” ne mu essomabuziba okutegeeza “ekikyusabuzibaa” (chemical reaction).
Enkyukakyuka ez’obuziba ezijjawo wakati w'akaziba akamu n'akalala (atomu emu n'endala) zireetawo endagakintu(element) ezikwatibwako okuva mu mbeera ne kivaamu ekintu kijja. Embeera endagakintu(element) mwe zibadde nga ekikyusabuziba tekinnabawwo eba evuddewo.