Uganda People's Congress
Ekibiina kya Uganda People's Congress (UPC) nga muluswayiri bakiyita Congress ya Watu wa Uganda kibiina kyabyabufuzi ekisingaanibwa mu Uganda
UPC yatandikibwawo Milton Obote mu mwaka gwa 1960 ng'ono yakulmebera eggwanga ku bwetwazze, ng'ate oluvannyuma yakulemberako ebisanja by'obwa pulezidenti bibiri wansi wa bendera y'ekibiina kino. Yali akyali mukulembezze wa kibiina kino okutuusa bweyafiira mu mwezi ogw'omwenda mu mwaka gwa 2005, wadde nga yali yalangirira emabegako.[1]
Ekibiina kyawangula ebifo mwenda ku 289 mu kulonda kwa bonna okwaliwo mu mwaka gwa 2006. Mu kulonda kw'obwa pulezidenti okwenaku z'omwezi zezimu, eyali yeesimbyewo ku bendera ya UPC Miria Obote yawangula obululu ebitundu 0.8 ku 100.
Ng'enaku z'omwezi 14 mu mwezi ogw'okutaano mu mwaka gwa 2010, tekibiina kyalonda Olara Otunnu, eyaliko saabawandiidi w'ekibiina ky'amawanga amagate ku lw'abaana n'obutabanguko bw'amaggye, okukulembera ekibiina kino. Yeeyadira namwandu wa Obote Miria.[2]
Ebikikwatako
kyusaUPC yeefuga eby'obufuzi bwa Uganda okuviira ddala ku meefuga, okutuuka mu mwaka gwa 1971, Milton Obote weyagibwa Idi Amin muntebe y'obwa pulezidenti. Ekibiina kyakomawo mu buyinza wansi wa Obote mu mwaka gwa 1980 okutuusa Tito Okello weyamigira mu buyinza mu mwaka gwa 1985. Ebyafaayo by'ekibiina kya UPC byeekuusa kunjawukana eyali mu mawanga nga kino kyali kiva ku Uganda olw'okuba lyali twaale lya Bungereza.[3][2]
Nga boolekera amaafuga
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Ng'ameefuga gasembera mu myaka gya 1940 okutuuka mu gya 1950, kyali kyeraga lwatu nti Abaganda eggwanga ly'abantu erisinga obunene lyali lyagala embeera ya gavumenti ey'obwetwaze nga n'ekibiina kya Kabaka Yekka ekya Kabaka wa Buganda kyalaga obwagazi bw'ekintu kino. Wabula kino banayuganda bangi tebakisiima ssaako n'amawanga amalala nga okusinga mu baganda abakungu abaali basomyeko baatandikawo ekibiina ekirala kyebayita Democratic Party (DP) okusikiriza eggwanga okwegata. Wadde nga tebaalina buganzi mu Buganda, ekibiina kino ekya Democratic Party kyalina obuwagizi bungi mu mawanga amalala ageefananyiriza abaganda nadala mu nimu zegoogera nga gano gali mu bukiika kono.[4]
Mu kubulwa eky'okusalawo, baatandikawo ekibiina ekirala kyebayita Uganda National Congress (UNC). Wadde nga kyali kikulembera Milton Obte omusajja eyali ava mu bukiika ddyo, UNC yalabika ng'ey'ebiseera by'omumaaso ng'ate eyaniriza, nga yasikiriza abantu bangi nadala ab'omubukiika kono, nadala ab'omubuvanjuba. UNC yakola omukago n'ekibiina kya Uganda People's Union (UPU) ne nemuvaamu ekibiina kyebayita UPC. Ebibiina bino ebisatu okwali; Kabaka Yekka, UPC, n'ekya Democratic Party byavuganya mu kulonda okwaliwo nga boolekera okufuna ameeefuga.
Nga webaali basuubira, Kabaka Yekka yeyangula ebifo ebisinga mu Buganda, ekya UPC nekiwangula ebifo ebisinga mu bukiika ddyo ne mubuvanjuba. Wabula ekibiina kya Democratic Party (DP) nga kikulemberwa Benedicto Kiwanuka kyavaayo n'ekibiina ekyali kisinga obunene kyokka nga kya muntu sekinoomu. Kiwanuka yali kungyego yego yakufuuka saabaminista wa Uganda eyali efunye obwetwaze weyalemesebwa ab'ekibiina kya UPC ne Kabaka Yekka abaali bakoze omukago nebeegata mungeri eyali yeewunyisa.[5][4]
Kabaka yali atidde nti ekibiina kya DP kyali kigenda okugyawo obukulembezze bw'obwa kabaka nga baagala Uganda erabike ng'ey'ebiseera by'omumaaso . Ate ku lwa UPC, Milton Obote, weyakimannya nti yali awanguddwa mu kulonda, yalaba okukola omukago neyeegata, yengeri yokka eyali emukomyawo mu buyinza. Mukukomawo, Obote yawa Kabaka ekitiibwa ky'okubeera nga yeyali avunaanyizibwa ku bigenda mu maaso, n'okumudiza obuyinza bwonna mu lubiri. Omukago gwa UPC/KY kwatondawo gavumenti ya Uganda eyasooka nga Milton Obote ye saabaminisita.[5]
Favumenti eyasooka
kyusaOmukago wakati w'ekibiina kya UPC ne Kabaka Yekka tegwawangaala kumala kaseera kawanvu. Oluvannyuma lw'emyaka ena mu buyinza, Milton Obote yalagira aaggye okulumba olubiri lwa Kabaka mu mwaka gwa 1966. John Mikloth Magoola Luwuliza-Kirunda yajja ng'omuteesi teesi mu mwaka gwa 1966. Obulumbaganyi buno bwakulemeberwamu eyali aduumira amaggye Idi Amin. Kabaka yasobola okutoloka n'adukira mu kibuga kya London nga wano Obote wereerangirira nga pulezidenti wa Uganda. Ekikolwa kino ng'ogyeko ekirala kyonna kyekyavirako okugwa ekibiina kya UPC okutandika okusereba n'okusaanawo ng'ekibiina ekyali kisinga obuganzi mu Uganda. Webaatandika okumukyawa Obote yayongera okukyuka ng'agenda mu bukiika ddyo okufuna obuwagizi okuva mu bantu beewaabwe, okusinga okwagala okwongera amaanyi mu kibiina ng'asinziira mu bukiika kono. Okulonda kw'omwaka gwa 1969 kwasazibwamu ekyafuula Obote okubeera nakyemalira. Gavumenti ye yagibwa mu buyinza mi mwaka gwa 1971 nga kino kyakolebwa Idi Amin.[5][4][2]
Okudda mu buyinza
kyusaEkibiina kya UPC kyakomawo mu mwaka gwa 1979 oluvannyuma lwa Idi Amin okubeera nga yagibwa mubuyinza.[6][7] Obote ng'omukulembezze wa UPC yali awagira nnyo amaggye agaali gadidde Idi Amin mu bigere nga tafaayo kubya kuddamu kugumya kibiina kino mu bukiika kono bw Uganda, nga yatwala kyakusinga kwenyigira nnyo mu bya maggye. Amaggye agaali basinga okubeeramu abantu okuva mu bukiika ddyo gaali makambwe nga gaatera ng'okuleetawo obutabanguko nadala mu bukiika kono. Kino kyasanyalaza obukiika ddyo n'obukiika ddyo nekivirako n'enjawukana ng'ekibiina kya UPC bakitwala nnyo okubeera eky'abantu abaali bava okusinga mu bukiika ddyo okusinga bwegwali gubadde emabega. Abaali basibuka mu bukiika kono baakyuka nebagenda mu kibiina kya Democratic Party, n'akabiina akatono kebaali bayita Uganda Patriotic Movement (UPM) lakaali kakulemebrwa Yoweri Museveni eyali mu kibiina kya UPC nga memba.
Mu kulonda kwa 1980, waliwo okwekengera okwamaanyi nti ekibiina kya UPC kwali kubbye ebyali bivudde mukulonda nga kiyambibwako ekibinja ky'amaggye. Okutebereza kuno kwayongerezebwako oluvannyuma This Obote bweyalonda eyali akulira ebiinja ky'amaggye Paulo Muwanga okubeera omumyuka w'omukulembezze oluvannyuma lw'okulangiriza UPC ku ky'obuwanguzi bw'okulonda kuno. Olutalo lw'omuda lwabalukawo mu Uganda nga kino kyali kiva ku kubeera nga Yoweri Museveni yali agaanye ebyaali bivudde mu kulonda ekyamuleetera okuyingira ensiko okutandika okulwanyisa gavumenti.
Okuwangula kwa Yoweri Museveni kwali kuva kunjawukana y'omubukiika ddyo nemubukiika kono okwali kwaletebwa ekibiina kya UPC nga kino kyayamba nnyo mu Uganda. Aboomu bukiika kono okusinga ku kyali kibaddewo baakitegeera nti baali balina okukwata emundu okukuuma eddembe lyabwe. Mu byayita abantu abaali basinga okuva mu bukiika kono baali bayisaamu amaaso emirimu gy'okubeera abamaggye. Naye Museveni weyajja mubuyinza mu mwaka gwa 1986, amaggye gge gaali gasinga kubeeramu bantu okuva mubukiika kono nadala mu bugwanjuba .[8]
Okulonda kwa 2006
kyusaNg'enaku z'omwezi 28 mu mwezi ogw'okuminoogumu mu mwaka gwa 2005, namwandu wa Obote Miria yalondebwa ku bwa pulezidenti w'ekibiina. Miria Obote yeyakwata bendera y'ekibiina kya UPC okwesimbawo ku bwa pulezidenti bwa Uganda mu kulonda kwa bonna okw'omwaka gwa 2006[1][9]
Ekibiina kya UPC kyakomawo okuvuganya mu kulonda kwa 2006, Museveni bweyakiriza ebibiina ebiwerako okwetaba mu kulonda kuno ekintu ekyali kyagibwawo; naye Obvote yafa ng'ali mubuwangaguse oluvannyuma lw'emyezi emitono okubeera nga gyali giyiseewo. Ensibuka y'ekibiina kya UPC ey'obuwangwa yatuuka ekiseera nga tekyalina kwagala mu kibiina kya UPC ekyali tekikyalina Obote, naye nga baali bakyawakanya Museveni. Mukaseera kano baatuukirira eyali asinga okubinkana ne Museveni Kizza Besyigye eyali avva mu bukiika kono nga yeyali akulembera ekibiina kya Forum for Democratic Change (FDC).[5]
Ekibiina kya UPC kyali kiremereddwa okusalawo ku kintu kyebaali beetandikirawo eky'okubeera nga baali kibiina kya mubukiika ddyo, wabula nga baali tebalinaamu munabyabufuzi eyali ava mu mubukiika ddyo okukulembera ekibiina kino , wabula baasala kudukira wa namwandu wa Obote Miria eyali avva mu bukiika kono. Oluvannyuma lw'okulonda, ekibiina kyafuna obuzibu okusingira ddala ng'abali ba memba baakyo baakiduka ngamu nebagenda mu kya Museveni ekyali mu bufuzi ekya National Resistance Movement ssako n'ekibiina kya FDC. Okulondebwa kwa Miria yali ntandikwa yakuganibwa nga banayuganda abasinga bagerageranya ekibiina kino ku mbeera amaggye gyegaabayisaamu mu biseera ebikadde. Mu kulonda kwa palamenti okw'enaku z'omwezi 23 mu mwezi ogw'okubiri mu mwaka gwa 2006, ekibiina kyawangula ebifo mwenda ku 319 mu kulonda kw'akakiiko kw'eggwanga .[8]
Omukulembezze omupya
kyusaEkibiina kya UPC okubeera nga kyakola bubi mu kulonda kwabonna okw'omwaka gwa 2006, kyawaliriza ekibiina kino okukuba tooki mu by'obufuzi bya Uganda. Engeri eby'obufuzo bya Uganda gyebyaali bitambulamu yali ekyuka kyuka okuva ku mutendera gw'ebibiina by'ebitundu, okutuuka ku bibiina ebidukannyizibwa omuntu sekinoomu mu by'obufuzi. Ekibiina kino kyaali kyetaaga okuzuula omukulembezze eyalina obumannyirivu mu by'obufuzi. Ekibiina kyalonda Dr. Olara Otunnu, eyaliko saabawandiisi w'abaana n'obwegungungo mumaggye mu kibiina ky'amawanga amagate ekya UN. Okulonda kuno wabula kwavirako obutabanguko bw'omunda mu kibiina obwali bugenda okuviirako ekibiina kino okukola obubi mu kulonda kw'omwaka gwa 2011. Otunnu yawerezaako nga minisita w'ebweru ng'ali wansi wa Tito Okello nga yali alabibwa ng'omu kubaaliko nga basuula gavumenti eyali efugibwa ekibiina kya UPC mu mwaka gwa 1985.[6]
Eyasinga okuvuganya Otunnu mu kulonda kw'ekibiina kino yali mutabani wa Milton Obote Jimmy Akena, eyali omubaka wa palamenti eyali akiikirira munisipaali y'e Lira, eyali aalaba nga famire ya Obote yali ekyalina okwagala eri ekibiina Obote kyeyali yatondawo.[8]
Otunnu yalondebwa ekibinja ky'abantu abaalina endowooza emu nga bali mu kibiina kya UPC abaamufulumya, ekyavirako okusituka kwa Jimmy Akena mutabani w'eyatandikawo ekibiina kya UPC. Akena yafuuka pulezidenti w'ekibiina kino ekya Uganda People's Congress on 2 July 2015.
Bwebazze bakola mu by'okulonda
kyusaOkulonda kw'obwa pulezidenti
kyusa| Okulonda | Eyali akiikiridde ekibina | Obululu | % | Ebyavaamu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | Miria Obote | 57,071 | 0.82% | Yawangulwa |
| 2011 | Olara Otunnu | 125,059 | 1.58% | Yawangulwa |
| 2016 | Teyeesimbawo | |||
| 2021 | Teyeesimbawo | |||
Okulonda kwa palamenti ya
kyusa| Okulonda | Obululu | % | Ebifo | +/– | Position | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 495,909 | 48.3% | Template:Composition bar |
35 | 1st | |
| 1962 | 545,324 | 51.8% | Template:Composition bar |
2 | 1st | |
| 1980 | 1,963,679 | 47.1% | Template:Composition bar |
38 | 1st | |
| 2006 | Template:Composition bar | 66 | 3rd | |||
| 2011 | Ekitundu | 265,568 | 3.37% | Template:Composition bar | 1 | 4th |
| Abakyala | 237,477 | 3.22% | ||||
| 2016 | Ekitundu | 172,781 | 2.14% | Template:Composition bar | 4 | 4th |
| Abakyala | 236,164 | 3.24% | ||||
| 2021 | Ekitundu | 180,313 | 1.80% | Template:Composition bar | 3 | 5th |
| Abakyala | 229,884 | 2.26% | ||||
Laba ne
kyusa- ↑
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help)https://web.archive.org/web/20090214004610/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-08/28/content_3412655.htm - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Sejjaaka, Samuel (2004), Bird, Frederick; Herman, Stewart W. (eds.), "A Political and Economic History of Uganda, 1962–2002", International Businesses and the Challenges of Poverty in the Developing World (in Lungereza), Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 98–110, doi:10.1057/9780230522503_6, ISBN 978-1-349-51533-2, retrieved 2020-05-30
- ↑
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2
{{cite book}}: Empty citation (help) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help)https://www.independent.co.ug/ugandas-history-since-independence-reveals-2016/ - ↑ 6.0 6.1
{{cite book}}: Empty citation (help) - ↑
{{cite book}}: Empty citation (help) - ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Reid, Richard J. (2017), "Refractions: Beholding Uganda", A History of Modern Uganda, Cambridge University Press, pp. 1–52, doi:10.1017/9781107589742.003, ISBN 978-1-107-58974-2, retrieved 2020-05-30https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20051126020702/http://www.monitor.co.ug/news/latest.php